Acne is like that one comment from a relative. Unwanted and unnecessary. While everyone shares a common sentiment of annoyance regarding acne, not everyone knows about the acne treatments out there. While in the previous episode of ''Understanding Acne,'' you learnt about all the types of acne, it is now time to decode the best treatment options available.  

Curating a special skincare routine to address the specific skincare need can help you get rid of acne quickly. Your chosen routine will help remove excess oil and clear your pores. In addition, a skin-friendly routine will prevent redness and irritation. While you might think the routine has to consist of a zillion steps- follow the phrase "simple is effective". 

What is Acne? 

Acne is a skin condition that shows itself unannounced through pimples, black and whiteheads. The sebaceous glands produce oil (sebum), which helps to keep the skin lubricated and healthy. When your pores are clogged with this excess sebum and dead skin cells, it causes acne to appear. It's a skin problem that affects many people, but it is very prevalent among teenagers and young people. It can occur on the face, neck, chest, back, and shoulders. It's caused by hormonal changes, genetics, stress, diet, and certain medications.

How to cure acne? 

(I) Comedonal acne 

Comedonal acne consists of small, flesh-coloured bumps or whiteheads that appear on the skin. It consists of whiteheads and blackheads. 

1.Topical retinoids:These medications are derived from Vitamin A and can help to unclog pores and prevent the formation of new comedones. Retinoids are available in prescription strength, such as tretinoin, adapalene, or over-the-counter retinoids, such as retinol. Try out the Vit-A-lity Retinol night serum that contains betaine and kokum butter, both magical ingredients that treat acne and reduces the inflammation that comes with it. 

2.Salicylic acid:This ingredient can penetrate the pores and help to remove excess oil and dead skin cells. Salicylic acid is available in over-the-counter products, such as cleansers, toners, and spot treatments. Foxtale’s One zit wonder Gel contains salicylic acid- a BHA that is the best defence against acne. By unclogging pores, it cleans them deeply while also decreasing sebum production. A decrease in sebum= fewer breakouts. 

3.Chemical peels:Chemical peels can help to exfoliate the skin and unclog pores. Chemical peels can be performed by a dermatologist or with over-the-counter products that contain alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs) or beta-hydroxy acids (BHAs).

4.Extractions:Comedonal acne can be manually extracted by a dermatologist or esthetician. This involves using a special tool to gently remove the plug of oil and dead skin cells from the pore. 

(II) Inflammatory acne

It consists of papules, pustules, nodules and cysts. 

1.Topical treatments: These include over-the-counter creams and gels containing benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or retinoids. A dermatologist may recommend prescription-strength medications like antibiotics, topical steroids, and azelaic acid.

2.Oral medications: If topical treatments are ineffective, oral medications like antibiotics, hormonal contraceptives, or isotretinoin may be prescribed.

3.Lifestyle changes: Eating a healthy diet, avoiding picking or squeezing pimples, and using non-comedogenic skincare products can help manage inflammatory acne. 

4.Procedures: In some cases, a dermatologist may recommend procedures like chemical peels, microdermabrasion, or light therapy to help reduce inflammation and improve the appearance of acne. 

(III) Fungal acne 

1.Use antifungal products: Antifungal medications are commonly used to treat fungal acne, and they can be found in various forms, such as topical creams, shampoos, or oral medications. You should consult your healthcare provider or dermatologist to find the treatment most suitable for you. 

2.Keep your skin clean and dry: Fungal acne thrives in warm and moist environments. Keep your skin clean and dry to prevent the growth of yeast. Avoid wearing tight clothing and opt for breathable fabrics.

3.Avoid using oily or heavy products: Fungal acne can be worsened by oily or heavy products. Look for non-comedogenic, oil-free products that won't clog your pores.

4.Consider using probiotics: Probiotics can help balance the bacteria on your skin and reduce yeast growth. Consider taking oral probiotics or using skincare products that contain probiotics.

5.Consult a dermatologist: If your fungal acne is severe or doesn't improve with over-the-counter treatments, consult a dermatologist. They may prescribe oral or topical antifungal medications or recommend other treatments.

(IV) Hormonal Acne 

If your breakouts are deep, cystic, and primarily appear along the jawline or chin, you are likely dealing with Hormonal Acne.

Unlike surface-level comedones, hormonal acne is triggered by an increase in androgens, which causes your oil glands to go into overdrive. Treating this requires a dual approach: using anti-inflammatory topicals like Niacinamide to soothe the surface and maintaining a consistent routine to prevent secondary infections

Tips to keep in mind to prevent acne 

If you've scrolled this far, you must now be aware of how to treat the type of acne that's on your skin. But additionally, here's a list of tips you can use to keep your skincare game ahead of others. 

1. Cleansing your skin regularly can help prevent oil and dead cells buildup that can lead to acne. Use a gentle cleanser that removes dirt and oil from your skin along with leaving it hydrated and refreshed.

2. When you drink plenty of water, it helps flush toxins from your body. A well hydrated skin can prevent the formation of acne.

3. Getting enough sleep can help reduce stress levels, which can trigger acne. You should aim a 7-8 hours of sleep each night.

4. Picking at your pimples can lead to scarring and make acne worse. Instead, use topical or spot treatments to help reduce inflammation and clear up the pimple.

Related Article:

1. How To Treat Acne Without Drying Your Skin
2. Different Types of Pimples and How to Treat Them
3. How to Remove Dark Spots on Face

Conclusion

While acne can be a frustrating and emotional rollercoaster, it is treatable. You can effectively treat and calm acne by following a regular skincare routine, using topical treatments, and considering prescription medication. In addition, if you are struggling with acne scars, several treatments are available to help reduce their appearance. With the right approach, you too can achieve skin that's acne-free and glowing from within. 

Your skin is exposed to damaging elements like UV rays, pollution, and chemicals, leading to skin damage. But, with the right tips, repairing and revitalising damaged skin is possible. We'll explore types/causes of skin damage, signs, and tips for repair in this blog post.

Types of Skin Damage:

1. Sun Damage - Sunburn, sunspots, and hyperpigmentation.
2. Acne Scarring - Acne can lead to scarring that can be difficult to treat.
3. Wrinkles - As you age, your skin loses elasticity and becomes prone to wrinkles.
4. Dry Skin - Environmental factors like harsh soaps, hot showers, and low humidity can lead to dry skin.
5. Dark Circles - Stress, lack of sleep, and genetics can cause dark circles under the eyes.

Causes of Skin Damage:

1. UV radiation - Overexposure to the sun's UV rays can damage the skin's DNA and lead to skin cancer.
2. Pollution - Pollutants like cigarette smoke, smog, and car exhaust can damage the skin's barrier and lead to premature ageing.
3. Harsh chemicals - Skincare products with harsh chemicals can irritate the skin and lead to dryness, redness, and flakiness.
4. Poor nutrition - A diet high in processed foods and low in nutrients can affect the skin's health.
5. Stress - Chronic stress can cause inflammation and break down the skin's collagen and elastin.

Signs of Damaged Skin:

The signs of damaged skin can vary, but some common symptoms include:

1. Sunburn - Redness, peeling, and blistering after sun exposure.
2. Hyperpigmentation - Dark spots and uneven skin tone.
3. Dryness - Rough, scaly, and itchy skin.
4. Fine Lines and Wrinkles - Crow's feet, smile lines, and forehead wrinkles.
5. Acne Scarring - Pitted or raised scars from past acne breakouts.

How to Heal Damaged Skin on the Face

To heal damaged skin on the face, start by cleansing with a gentle cleanser. Next, apply a ceramide-rich moisturizer with SPF and consider using healing ingredients like aloe vera and vitamin E. Avoid harsh products, and protect the skin from the sun and pollutants.

How to Heal/Repair Damaged Skin:

Repairing damaged skin takes time, patience, and consistency. Here are tips to help you get started:

1. Protect Your Skin - Wear sunscreen with at least SPF 30 daily, avoid tanning beds, and wear protective clothing, like hats and sunglasses.
2. Hydrate - Drink plenty of water and use moisturizers that contain ingredients like hyaluronic acid and ceramides to lock in moisture.
3. Exfoliate - Use gentle exfoliants like alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs) or beta-hydroxy acids (BHAs) to remove dead skin cells and promote cell turnover.
4. Incorporate Antioxidants - Use products that contain antioxidants like vitamin C, vitamin E, and green tea to neutralize free radicals and protect the skin.
5. Seek Professional Help - Consult with a dermatologist or esthetician for personalized skincare advice and treatments like chemical peels or laser therapy.

How You Can Cure Damaged Skin With Natural Remedies/Products: 

1. Aloe Vera - This natural remedy has anti-inflammatory and healing properties and can be used to soothe sunburns and skin irritations.
2. Vitamin C: Antioxidant that protects skin, boosts collagen production and reduces fine lines. It can be found in food or topical serums/creams.
3. Retinoids: Vitamin A that increases cell turnover and collagen production, improving fine lines and wrinkles. Use as directed to avoid irritation.
4. Hyaluronic Acid: Holds up to 1000 times its weight in water, keeping skin hydrated and plump. Also, it improves fine lines and wrinkles overtime.
5. Green Tea: Antioxidant-rich, reduces inflammation and protects skin from damage. Drinking or using products with green tea extract improves skin health.
6. Shea Butter: Natural moisturizer, rich in fatty acids and vitamins to improve elasticity and texture, soothes dry patches, and repairs damaged skin.
7. Coconut Oil: Versatile as a moisturizer, cleanser, and hair conditioner, rich in antioxidants and fatty acids to repair the damaged skin barrier, reduce inflammation, and improve texture.

Conclusion:

You need to give your skin the love and care it deserves! So incorporate these creative tips into your skincare routine to revitalize and fix your skin barrier. Your skin will thank you for it.

Acne-prone skin can be a complex condition to manage, especially if you have tried multiple skincare products with little to no success. However, one solution that has proven effective in clearing acne-prone skin is incorporating AHA, BHA, and Niacinamide into your skincare routine.

But before we get to this cheat sheet, let’s understand acne-prone skin 

What Is Acne-Prone Skin? 

Acne-prone skin refers to a skin type that is more likely to develop blackheads, whiteheads, clogged pores and inflamed pimples. It happens due to bacteria, clogged pores and lack of exfoliation.

The following are the common signs of acne-prone skin.

- Oily skin has overactive sebaceous glands, but more on the forehead, nose, and chin.
- Active acne is red bumps caused by bacterial growth inside clogged pores.
- Whiteheads and blackheads are pores clogged with oil and dead skin cells.

AHA, BHA, and Niacinamide can address these concerns when included in your routine. They can regulate oil and reduce inflammation. You can also visit a certified dermatologist to confirm your skin type if you are unsure.

Related Article: Detailed Guide on AHA and BHA Ingredient
  

What Is AHA, BHA, And Niacinamide?

AHA, BHA, and Niacinamide work on the acne through different mechanisms, so they are used together in a routine.

AHA (Alpha Hydroxy Acid)

- It is a water-soluble exfoliant.
- Works on the skin’s surface.
- Removes dead skin cells and improves texture.
- Increases cell turnover.

Glycolic acid and Lactic acid are the most common AHAs used for acne-prone skin.

BHA (Beta Hydroxy Acid)

- Oil-soluble exfoliant.
- Penetrates deep into pores.
- Dissolves excess sebum and debris.
- Best for addressing blackheads and whiteheads.

Salicylic acid is the most widely used BHA.

Niacinamide

- A form of vitamin B3.
- Reduces inflammation and redness.
- Regulates sebum production.
- Strengthens the skin barrier.
- Improves the appearance of enlarged pores.

AHA and Niacinamide, or AHA BHA with Niacinamide, are complementary when used correctly.

A Quick Comparison: AHA vs BHA vs Niacinamide

Can I Layer Niacinamide With AHA BHA for Acne?  

Incorrect layering of active ingredients proves counterproductive to good skin. This is why, we recommend using Niacinamide and AHA BHAs at different times during your skincare.

To avoid over-exfoliation, use the AHA BHA Exfoliating Serum 2 to 3 times in your weekly routine at night. The active ingredients aid in your skin renewal process by shedding old cells. Additionally, you can add the efficient Niacinamide Serum to your AM routine after it passes the patch test.

Niacinamide supports skin hydration and alleviates inflammation, making it a good match for an AHA BHA Exfoliant.

AHAs and Niacinamide for Acne-Prone Skin

AHAs work on the surface of your skin to remove dead cells, while niacinamide focuses on oil balance and barrier repair. When used correctly, this combination can help improve texture, unclog pores, and reduce breakouts. The key is slow introduction and proper layering, always pair AHA use with sunscreen during the day, as exfoliation increases sun sensitivity.

Can I Use Glycolic Acid and Niacinamide Together?

Yes, you can use glycolic acid and niacinamide together, but timing matters. Glycolic acid exfoliates by breaking down dead skin cells, helping prevent clogged pores and acne formation. Niacinamide then steps in to calm irritation, regulate sebum, and strengthen your skin barrier. For best results, use glycolic acid at night and follow with niacinamide, or alternate them on different days if your skin is sensitive.

Can I Use Niacinamide and Lactic Acid Together?

Yes, niacinamide and lactic acid work well together, especially if you’re new to exfoliation. Lactic acid is gentler than glycolic acid and helps resurface skin while also supporting hydration. When paired with niacinamide, it reduces the risk of redness and dryness, making this combination suitable for sensitive or acne-prone skin types.

BHAs and Niacinamide for Acne-Prone Skin

BHAs penetrate deeper into pores, making them especially effective for those who struggle with blackheads, whiteheads, or excess oil. When combined with niacinamide, they help clear congestion while keeping your skin balanced and calm.

Can We Use Salicylic Acid and Niacinamide Together?

Absolutely. Salicylic acid and niacinamide are a powerful duo for acne-prone skin. Salicylic acid dissolves excess oil and unclogs pores from within, while niacinamide reduces inflammation, controls sebum, and minimises the appearance of pores. Used together, they help treat active breakouts and prevent future ones, just remember to start slow and always wear sunscreen during the day.

Niacinamide for Acne-Prone Skin

Niacinamide is a go-to ingredient if you deal with frequent breakouts, oiliness, or redness. It helps regulate sebum production, reduces inflammation, and improves the appearance of enlarged pores. You can find niacinamide in serums, moisturisers, and toners, and it pairs well with exfoliating acids when used mindfully.

The Best Niacinamide Serum

If you want a targeted solution, Foxtale’s 12% Niacinamide Serum is formulated to support oily and acne-prone skin. 
If you are looking for a high-potency solution for persistent skin concerns, Foxtale’s 12% Niacinamide Clarifying Serum is specifically engineered to treat acne-prone, oily, and textured skin.

- It Features Double Encapsulation Technology that ensures deep penetration of actives while releasing them slowly to prevent irritation, making it safe even for high-strength beginners.

- Targets 7 Acne Concerns: Clinically designed to reduce excess oil, clogged pores, blackheads, bumpy texture, redness, pigmentation, and stubborn acne marks.

- Blemish & Mark Fading: Fortified with Azelaic Acid, it works aggressively to fade post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (acne scars) and even out skin tone.

- Oil Control: Regulates sebum production to provide a clear, matte finish that lasts, preventing midday greasiness.

- Barrier Support: Despite its high strength, it hydrates and strengthens the skin's lipid barrier, ensuring your face feels smooth and resilient rather than stripped.

Used consistently, niacinamide can help your skin feel more balanced, clearer, and resilient over time.

The Best Skincare Routine For Acne-Prone Skin

Now that you’re well-versed in the benefits of Niacinamide and AHA BHA for acne-prone skin, let’s build an infallible routine featuring these actives. Scroll ahead -

1. Cleanse well: Cleansing twice a day is non-negotiable regardless of your skin. For acne-prone skin, thorough cleansing removes dirt, dead cells and excess sebum for a smooth surface. Moreover, it facilitates better absorption of your Niacinamide or AHA BHA serums. For folks with acne-prone skin, we recommend Foxtale’s Salicylic Acid Face Wash. The gentle formula expels excess oil, unclogs pores, and soothes inflammation. Moreover, Hyaluronic Acid and Niacinamide in the cleanser hydrate the skin and uphold the lipid barrier.

2. Treat: Once your skin is dry, apply Foxtale’s Niacinamide (or AHA BHA Serum at night) with a light hand. Don’t aggressively massage the formulation as it may lead to stress or strain on the skin.

3. Moisturize: Once the serum disappears, apply a generous amount of Oil Free Moisturizer. Infused with emollients, a moisturizer seals active ingredients into your skin for best results. Since acne-prone skin is susceptible to greasiness and clogged pores, we recommend Foxtale’s Oil Free Moisturizer. The lightweight formula controls oil and hydrates the skin without adding any weight to your skin.

4. SPF for sun protection: Next, add sunscreen for oily skin to your morning routine. This formulation shields your skin against harmful UV rays to prevent tanning, burns, pigmentation, and photosensitivity. For acne-prone skin, we recommend Foxtale’s Matte Sunscreen. The Niacinamide-imbued formula ensures formidable sun protection without clogging pores.

Related Article: 
1. Niacinamide and glycolic acid safety
2. Combination skin exfoliation steps
3. Choosing between niacinamide and salicylic
4. Blackhead removal for oily skin

Conclusion

Achieving clear and healthy skin requires a consistent skincare routine that incorporates effective ingredients such as AHA, BHA, and Niacinamide. Understanding your skin type and concerns before selecting products and always patch-test new products is important. You can achieve the clear and radiant skin you desire with patience and dedication.

 Periods are accompanied by so many hormonal changes but none of them can beat the trouble caused by acne breakout. For many of us, the changing hormones reflect most notably through skin problems such as acne.

Stomach ache, mood swings, and irregularities are sometimes inevitable in periods. But thankfully, there are ways to prevent or minimize period acne by switching up your usual skincare routine in certain ways. Before that, let’s quickly understand why period acne occurs. 

What is period acne?

The hormones fluctuate a few days before the beginning and end of the period. These fluctuations reflect on our skin in the form of acne. To be precise, the production of progesterone falls and estrogen rises right before the period starts. As a result, the skin gets oilier which clogs the pores resulting in a breakout. You get papules, whiteheads, and cystic acne during this time.

What causes period acne?

It all comes down to the imbalanced hormones during this time. Estrogen is responsible for improved skin and its smoothness. But during this time, the fluctuating estrogen level triggers excess sebum production. With high levels of sebum, estrogen, and progesterone, there is an explosion of hormonal period acne that is witnessed during this phase. With periods, the progesterone level falls along with estrogen leading to an excess breakout.

Where Does Period Acne Appear?

If you notice breakouts specifically along your jawline and chin, it is a classic sign of hormonal acne. This area has a higher concentration of oil glands that are particularly sensitive to hormonal shifts. Unlike regular whiteheads, period acne often feels like deep, tender "blind pimples" that don't always come to a head.

How to fix period acne?

With some caution and care, you can minimize your period acne. Here are a few topical skincare ingredients which are useful to combat the problem:

• Salicylic acid

Salicylic acid is a gentle, oil-soluble chemical exfoliator that also has anti-inflammatory properties. Salicylic acid or BHA serums can penetrate deep into the pores, get rid of excess sebum and prevent any kind of pore-clogging beforehand. Products with this ingredient in them are a good choice to ensure acne symptoms are reduced.

• Retinoids

Retinoids are Vitamin-A derivatives that are used topically to reduce mild and medium acne breakouts. If the acne problem gets severe during the periods, serums and lotions with retinoids are great choices. Regular usage of retinoids makes sure you have smooth skin all the time!

• Non-comedogenic Sunscreen

Sunscreens are essential to avoid sunburns and skin damage when you’re exposed to UV rays. Choosing a non-comedogenic sunscreen like the Foxtale Dewy Sunscreen ensures the acne does not get aggravated due to clogged pores.

• Benzoyl Peroxide

This ingredient is available in the form of creams and lotions. It is anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial as well. The ingredient helps to reduce redness and swelling making it a recommended option to fight acne.

Period acne is not uncommon but it can be combated well with many topical products and hygienic habits. Proper diet, a relaxed lifestyle, and using good skincare products diligently are the basis of flawless skin even during periods.

• Niacinamide

During the "sticky sebum" phase of your cycle, Niacinamide is a hero ingredient. It helps stabilize oil production and strengthens the skin barrier, which can become more sensitive during your period. Foxtale’s Niacinamide Clarifying Serum is an excellent way to keep the skin calm and matte

Related Article: 

1. Everything you need to know about Acne
2. Ingredients every Acne-Prone person needs
3. How To Heal A Breakout At Every Step

Conclusion

Period acne is common, but it can be combated with targeted topical products and hygienic habits. A relaxed lifestyle and using high-quality skincare products diligently are the basis of flawless skin even during periods.